Civil Society? : NGOism at Work

Målsättning Att utreda skillnader i tillgänglighet till insulinpump mellan olika patientgrupper samt vad som orsakar ett byte till insulinpump. Metod Data från 7224 individer med typ 1 diabetes vid tio olika vårdenheter analyserades för att utreda effekterna av njurfunktion, kön, långtidsblodsocker, insulindos, diabetesduration samt ålder. Jämförelsen mellan patientgrupper utfördes med logistisk regression som en tvärsnittsstudie och Cox-regression för att utreda vad som föregått ett byte till pump. Resultat Genom logistisk regression erhölls en bild av hur skillnader mellan patienter som använder insulinpump och patienter som inte gör det ser ut i dagsläget. Cox-regressionen tar med ett tidsperspektiv och ger på så sätt svar på vad som föregått ett byte till insulinpump. Dessa analyser gav liknande resultat gällande variabler konstanta över tiden. Kvinnor använder pump i större utsträckning än män och andelen pumpanvändare skiljer sig åt vid olika vårdenheter. I dagsläget visar sig hög ålder sänka sannolikheten att använda insulinpump, vilket bekräftas vid den tidsberoende studien som visade hur sannolikheten att byta till pump är avsevärt lägre vid hög ålder. Långtidsblodsockret har också tydlig effekt på sannolikheten att gå över till pump där ett högt långtidsblodsocker medför hög sannolikhet att byta till insulinpump. Slutsatser I dagsläget finns det skillnader i andelen insulinpumpanvändare mellan olika patientgrupper och skillnader finns även i de olika gruppernas benägenhet att byta från andra insulinbehandlingar till insulinpump. Beroende av patienters njurfunktion, kön, långtidsblodsocker, insulindos, diabetesduration och ålder har dessa olika sannolikheter att byta till insulinpump

Bemerkungen zu vorstehendem Auszug aus den Saalbüchern des Herzogs Otto des Erlauchten und des Herzogs Ludwig des Strengen über das ehemalige Amt Ritenburg

Bakgrund: Miljöfrågan blir allt mer komplex för företagen att ta sig an själva. Det blir viktigare att samarbeta med konkurrenter för att uppnå miljömässig hållbarhet. Tidigare forskning har visat att samarbeten med konkurrenter kan ha en positiv inverkan på vissa områden. Tidigare forskning indikerar på att det råder en brist på studier som adresserar samarbeten mellan konkurrenter inom hållbarhet. Därmed har vi valt öka förståelse för branschsamarbeten genom att studera implementeringen av färdplanen för digitaliseringskonsultbranschen. Syfte: Studien syftar till att bidra med ökad förståelse för branschsamarbeten inom miljömässig hållbarhet. Det görs genom att studera implementeringen för digitaliseringskonsultbranschen i medverkande företag. Metod: Den här studien är en kvalitativ instrumentell fallstudie med hermeneutisk inriktning och iterativ ansats. Empirisk datainsamling har skett genom fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter från olika företag som medverkar i färdplanen för digitaliseringskonsultbranschen. Slutsats: Studien resulterar i att tolkningen av färdplanens syfte visar att översättningen har en roll i implementeringen från branschnivå till företagsnivå. Vidare indikerar studien på att implementeringen av färdplanen för digitaliseringskonsultbranschen speglas till olika grad i de studerade dimensionerna målsättning, kommunikation och lärande och att det skiljer sig åt mellan företagen. Studien mynnar ut i en slutsats som menar att färdplanen kan ses som en vägledning snarare än en strikt plan.Background: The environmental issue is getting more complex for companies to tackle on their own. The importance of collaborating with competitors to achieve environmental sustainability is increasing. Previous research has shown that collaborating with competitors has a positive influence in certain areas. Previous research indicates a lack of studies that address collaboration with competitors in sustainability. Thus, the focus of this study is to increase understanding for industry-wide collaboration by studying the implementation of the roadmap for the digitalisation consultancy industry. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding for industry cooperation for environmental sustainability. In order to do so the implementation of the roadmap for the digitalisation consultancy industry in the participating companies is being studied. Method: This study is a qualitative instrumental case study with a hermeneutical perspective and an iterative approach. Empirical data has been collected from four semi structured interviews with respondents from different companies that participates in the roadmap for the digitalisation consultancy industry. Conclusion: The study concludes that the interpretation of the purpose of the roadmap shows that the translation has a role in the implementation from industry-level to corporate- level. Furthermore, the study indicates that the implementation of the roadmap for the digitalisation consultancy industry reflects in the studied dimensions goal setting, communication and learning to a certain degree and that it differs between the companies. Thus, the study shows that the roadmap can be viewed as a guideline rather than a strict plan

Effects of allochthonous dissolved organic matter input on microbial composition and nitrogen cycling genes at two contrasting estuarine sites

Heterotrophic bacteria are important drivers of nitrogen (N) cycling and the processing of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Projected increases in precipitation will potentially cause increased loads of riverine DOM to the Baltic Sea and likely affect the composition and function of bacterioplankton communities. To investigate this, the effects of riverine DOM from two different catchment areas (agricultural and forest) on natural bacterioplankton assemblages from two contrasting sites in the Baltic Sea were examined. Two microcosm experiments were carried out, where the community composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing), the composition of a suite of N-cycling genes (metagenomics) and the abundance and transcription of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes involved in nitrification (quantitative PCR) were investigated. The river water treatments evoked a significant response in bacterial growth, but the effects on overall community composition and the representation of N-cycling genes were limited. Instead, treatment effects were reflected in the prevalence of specific taxonomic families, specific N-related functions and in the transcription of amoA genes. The study suggests that bacterioplankton responses to changes in the DOM pool are constrained to part of the bacterial community, whereas most taxa remain relatively unaffected.Peer reviewe

Psychological and physiological impacts of a fast-track diagnostic workup for men with suspected prostate cancer : Preliminary report from a randomized clinical trial

Funding Information: This study was funded by The Swedish Cancer Society (CF2016/795 and 2018/765) and Nyckelfonden, Örebro, Sweden (2015). The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and writing and approval of the manuscript. Funding Information: This study was funded by The Swedish Cancer Society (CF2016/795 and 2018/765) and Nyckelfonden, ?rebro, Sweden (2015). The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and writing and approval of the manuscript. This randomized clinical trial was approved by the ethics committee at ?rebro University Hospital and was registered at the ISRCTN registry www.isrctn.com (No. ISRCTN45953686). Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All authors accept the publication of this work and all patients provided signed inform consent to use their data. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available to protect participant confidentiality but can be partly provided from authors on reasonable request. The authors declare that they have no competing interest. This study was funded by The Swedish Cancer Society (CF2016/795 and 2018/765) and Nyckelfonden, ?rebro, Sweden (2015). The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and writing and approval of the manuscript. JZ, RC, OA, SOA, UV, FF, and KF conceived of and designed the study; JZ, SD, JC, AME, JF, OA, and SOA contributed to collection of the data; JZ and RC analyzed the data; JZ drafted the manuscript; JZ, RC, SD, JC, AME, JF, OA, SOA, UV, FF, and KF revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content; All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors thank all the subjects who have participated in this clinical trial.Peer reviewe

ARCH 14 - International Conference on Research on Health Care Architecture - November 19-21, 2014, Espoo, Finland - Conference Proceedings

Healthcare Architecture has grown rapidly in recent years. However, there are still many questions remaining. The commission, therefore, is to share the existing research knowledge and latest results and to carry out research projects focusing more specifically on the health care situation in a variety of contexts. The ARCH14 conference was the third conference in the series of ARCH conferences on Research on Health Care Architecture initiated by Chalmers University. It was realized in collaboration with the Nordic Research Network for Healthcare Architecture .It was a joint event between Aalto University, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) and National Institute of Health and Welfare (THL International).The conference gathered together more than 70 researchers and practitioners from across disciplines and countries to discuss the current themes

Maps of Open Chromatin Guide the Functional Follow-Up of Genome-Wide Association Signals: Application to Hematological Traits

Turning genetic discoveries identified in genome-wide association (GWA) studies into biological mechanisms is an important challenge in human genetics. Many GWA signals map outside exons, suggesting that the associated variants may lie within regulatory regions. We applied the formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) method in a megakaryocytic and an erythroblastoid cell line to map active regulatory elements at known loci associated with hematological quantitative traits, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. We showed that the two cell types exhibit distinct patterns of open chromatin and that cell-specific open chromatin can guide the finding of functional variants. We identified an open chromatin region at chromosome 7q22.3 in megakaryocytes but not erythroblasts, which harbors the common non-coding sequence variant rs342293 known to be associated with platelet volume and function. Resequencing of this open chromatin region in 643 individuals provided strong evidence that rs342293 is the only putative causative variant in this region. We demonstrated that the C- and G-alleles differentially bind the transcription factor EVI1 affecting PIK3CG gene expression in platelets and macrophages. A protein–protein interaction network including up- and down-regulated genes in Pik3cg knockout mice indicated that PIK3CG is associated with gene pathways with an established role in platelet membrane biogenesis and thrombus formation. Thus, rs342293 is the functional common variant at this locus; to the best of our knowledge this is the first such variant to be elucidated among the known platelet quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Our data suggested a molecular mechanism by which a non-coding GWA index SNP modulates platelet phenotype

Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age‐related trajectories inferred from cross‐sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3–90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter‐individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age‐related morphometric patterns

Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large‐scale studies. In response, we used cross‐sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3–90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age‐related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta‐analysis and one‐way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes

Ikääntyvän asiakkaan kotiutusprosessi Espoon kotihoidossa

Ikääntyvän asiakkaan kotiutusprosessi Espoon kotihoidossa Opinnäytetyömme tarkoituksena oli selvittää ja kuvata ikääntyvän asiakkaan kotiuttamisprosessin toteutumista Espoon kotihoidossa. Opinnäytetyömme vastasi seuraaviin kysymyksiin: Miten ikääntyvän asiakkaan kotiutusprosessi toteutui Espoon kotihoidossa hoitajien kuvaamana, millainen kotiutusprosessi oli Espoon kotihoidossa ja millaisia vaiheita se sisälsi sekä mitä puutteita ja kehitysideoita siinä ilmeni. Haastattelimme kohderyhmänämme ollutta Espoon kotihoidon henkilökuntaa. Haastattelussa selvitettiin heidän näkökulmaansa kotiutusprosessin kulusta ja siinä ilmenneistä ongelmista sekä kehittämisideoista. Opinnäytetyössämme käytimme aineistonkeruumenetelmänä teemahaastattelua, joka suoritettiin ryhmähaastatteluna kotihoidon henkilökunnan kesken. Haastattelussa oli läsnä kymmenen hoitoalan työntekijää. Haastateltavien keski-ikä oli 48,3 vuotta ja keskimääräinen työkokemus 18,5 vuotta. Opinnäytetyömme perustui kvalitatiiviseen lähtökohtaan ja analysoimme aineistomme laadullista menetelmää tukevalla sisällön analyysilla. Haastattelun analysoinnissa nousi esiin kotiutusprosessin kulku sekä siinä ilmenneet epäkohdat ja kehittämistarpeet. Hyödynsimme QPR Process Guide -ohjelmistotyökalua kotiutusprosessin aukaisemisessa ja sen avulla teimme myös kotiutuksesta prosessikartan. Saamamme tulokset kotiutusprosessista Espoon kotihoidossa olivat yhtäläiset aikaisempien tutkimusten kanssa ja tukivat niitä.The discharge process of an aging client in the home nursing organization of Espoo The purpose of our thesis was to define and describe the implementation of the discharge process of an aging client in the home nursing organization of Espoo. Our thesis answered the following questions: How the discharge process of an aging client was implemented in the nursing organization of Espoo as described by the nurses, what the discharge process was like and which phases it included and also which problems and development ideas came up. We focused our interview to the personnel of the home care organization in Espoo. In the interview their perspective was determined of the implementation of the discharge process and the problems and development ideas that arose during it. As a method of data collection for our thesis we used thematic interview, which was carried out as a group interview of the personnel of the home nursing organization. At the interview ten nurses were present. The average age of those interviewed was 48,3 years and their average working experience 18,5 years. Our thesis was based on a qualitative starting point and our material was analyzed by content analysis, supporting the qualitative method. When analyzing the interview we found out the course of the discharge process as well as the problems and development needs manifested in it. For opening of the discharge process we used the software tool QPR Process Guide and utilized it also for making a discharge process chart. The findings received of the discharge process in home care of Espoo were identical to those of earlier studies and supported them

Myynninedistäminen esillepanon ja somistamisen avulla : CASE: Loviisan El-Sähkö Oy Ab

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli tutkia myymälämarkkinoinnin keinoja ja niiden vaiku-tusta Loviisan El- Sähkön myyntiin. Tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten myymälämark-kinoinnin eri keinot soveltuvat Loviisan El-Sähkölle ja mitkä keinot sopivat parhaiten yritykselle. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten tuotteiden esille asettelu myymälässä ja näyteikkunan somistaminen vaikuttaa yrityksen myyntiin. Opinnäytetyö koostui teoriaosuudesta ja tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksen teoriaosassa kä-siteltiin erikoiskauppaa, markkinoinnin kilpailukeinoja ja myymälämarkkinointia. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin kokeellista tutkimusta. Kokeellisessa tutkimuksessa verrattiin tutkimuksessa saatuja tuloksia ennen tutkimuksen aloittamista oleviin myyn-tilukuihin. Tutkimuskohteeksi valittiin kolme eri valaisin merkkiä, jotka olivat hinta-laatu suhteeltaan ja käyttötarkoitukseltaan erilaiset. Tutkimuksen tuloksista selvisi, että tuotteiden esille asettelulla ja somistamisella on vaikutusta yrityksen myyntiin. Käytetyt keinot lisäsivät tutkimukseen valittujen va-laisimien myyntiä ja asiakkaiden kiinnostusta valaisimia kohtaan. Tutkimuksen tulok-sista voi päätellä, että teoriaa voidaan soveltaa myös käytännössä yrityksen liiketoi-mintaan.The target of this thesis was to study how different tools of store marketing affect sales in Loviisan El-Sähkö Oy Ab. The purpose was to find out how the tools of store marketing suit to Loviisan El-Sähkö and which one is the best tool. The purpose of this study was to find out how product display and the decoration of shop window affects sales. This thesis contains a theory part and a research part. The theory part discusses spe-cialized shops, marketing mix and store marketing. The research method in this thesis was an experimental research. The aim of this experimental research was to compare the former results in sales to the results during this research. For this study, three dif-ferent lamps were chosen. The lamps had different price, quality and use. The results show how product display and decoration of shop window affected sales. These methods increased sales and customers were more interested in these lamps. This explains that the theory was generally applicable in practice to this company